Difference between revisions of "Pre-processing"

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<onlyinclude>'''Pre-processing''' technologies are utilised in the pre-treatment of biowaste to obtain chemicals and/or materials which will then go into the [[conversion]]  followed by an optional [[post-processing]] after which the final product is obtained. While some technologies are used exclusively for the purpose of pre-processing, others such as the separation processes and technologies can be utilised in both pre- and [[post-processing]].</onlyinclude>
<onlyinclude>'''Pre-processing''' technologies are utilised in the pre-treatment of biowaste to obtain chemicals and/or materials which will then go into the [[conversion]]  followed by an optional [[post-processing]] after which the final product is obtained. While some technologies are used exclusively for the purpose of pre-processing, others such as the separation processes and technologies can be utilised in both pre- and [[post-processing]].</onlyinclude>


== Biochemical processes and technologies ==
== Chemical processes and technologies<!-- Not only chemical processes. Enzymes can also be used for hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. -->==
* [[Aeration]]
* [[Anaerobic digestion]]
* [[Composting]]
* [[Insect farming]]
*[[Enzymatic processes]]
 
== Chemical processes and technologies (these might be [[hybrid processing]]) ==


* [[Hydrolysis]]
* [[Hydrolysis]]
** [[Hydrolysis#Acid|Acid]]  
** [[Hydrolysis#Acid|Acid]]
**[[Hydrolysis#Alkali|Alkali]]
** [[Hydrolysis#Alkali|Alkali]]
** [[Hydrolysis#Salt|Salt]]
** [[Hydrolysis#Salt|Salt]]
*** [[Hydrolysis#Metal_salts|Metal salts]]
*** [[Hydrolysis#Metal%20salts|Metal salts]]
*** [[Hydrolysis#Sulphite_salt|Sulphite salt]]
*** [[Hydrolysis#Sulphite%20salt|Sulphite salt]]
** [[Hydrolysis#Solvent|Solvent]]
** [[Hydrolysis#Solvent|Solvent]]
*** [[Hydrolysis#Organosolv|Organosolv]]
*** [[Hydrolysis#Organosolv|Organosolv]]
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* [[Oxidation]]
* [[Oxidation]]


== Physical processes and technologies (these might be [[hybrid processing]]) ==
== Physical processes and technologies ==


* [[Densification]]
* [[Densification]]
*[[Sizing]]
* [[Sizing]]
**[[Sizing#Chipping|Chipping]]
** [[Sizing#Chipping|Chipping]]
**[[Sizing#Grinding|Grinding]]
**[[Sizing#Extrusion|Extrusion]]
** [[Sizing#Grinding|Grinding]]
**[[Sizing#Milling|Milling]]
* [[Microwave treatment]]
* [[Microwave treatment]]
* [[Steam explosion]]
* [[Steam explosion]]
* [[Ultrasonication]]
* [[Ultrasonication]]
== Separation technologies ==
* Mechanical separations
** [[Centrifugation]]
** [[Membrane filtration]]
** [[Sieving]]
* Physicochemical separations
** [[Chromatography]]
** [[Crystallisation and precipitation]]
** [[Distillation]]
** [[Drying]]
*** [[Drying#Air%20drying|Air drying]]
*** [[Drying#Nitrogen%20drying|Nitrogen drying]]
*** [[Drying#Freeze%20drying|Freeze drying]]
*** [[Drying#Thermal%20drying|Thermal drying]]
*** [[Drying#Vacuum%20drying|Vacuum drying]]
** [[Extraction]]
***[[Extraction#Liquid-liquid extraction|Liquid-liquid extraction]]
***[[Extraction#Solid-liquid%20extraction|Solid-liquid extraction]]
** [[Field-Flow fractionation (FFF)]]
*** [[Field-Flow fractionation (FFF)#Asymmetric%20flow%20FFF%20.28AF4.29|Asymmetric flow FFF (AF4)]]
*** [[Field-Flow fractionation (FFF)#Centrifugal%20FFF|Centrifugal FFF]]
*** [[Field-Flow fractionation (FFF)#Electrical%20FFF|Electrical FFF]]
*** [[Field-Flow fractionation (FFF)#Split%20flow%20thin-cell%20fractionation%20.28SPLITT.29|Split flow thin-cell fractionation (SPLITT)]]
*** [[Field-Flow fractionation (FFF)#Thermal%20FFF|Thermal FFF]]
** [[Flocculation]]


== Thermochemical processes and technologies ==
== Thermochemical processes and technologies ==


* [[Ammonia fibre expansion]]
* [[Ammonia fibre expansion]]
* [[Gasification]]
* [[Hydrothermal processing]]
* [[Pyrolysis]]
* [[Torrefaction]]
== Other processes and technologies ==
*[[Pulping]]
**[[Pulping#Chemical_pulping|Chemical pulping]]
*** [[Pulping#Dissolving_pulp_and_organosolv|Organosolv]]
*** [[Pulping#Cold_soda_pulping|Soda]]
*** [[Pulping#Sulphate_pulping_(Kraft)|Sulphate]]
*** [[Pulping#Sulphite_pulping|Sulphite]]
** [[Pulping#Hybrid_pulping|Hybrid pulping]]
*** [[Pulping#Chemi-thermo-mechanical_pulping_(CTMP)|Chemithermomechanical pulping (CTMP)]]
***[[Pulping#Neutral_Sulfite_Semi_Chemical_Pulping_(NSSC)|Neutral Sulfite Semi Chemical pulping (NSSC)]]
**[[Pulping#Mechanical_pulping|Mechanical pulping]]
*** [[Pulping#Refiner|Refiner]]
**** [[Pulping#Refiner_mechanical_pulping_(RMP)|Refiner mechanical pulping (RMP)]]
****[[Pulping#Thermomechanical_pulping_(TMP)|Thermomechanical pulping (TMP)]]
*** [[Pulping#Groundwood|Groundwood]]
**** [[Pulping#Pressure_groundwood_(PGW)|Pressure groundwood (PGW)]]
****[[Pulping#Stone_groundwood_(SGW)|Stone groundwood (SGW)]]
**** [[Pulping#Thermal_groundwood_(TGW)|Thermal groundwood (TGW)]]
[[Category:Primary processing|!]]

Latest revision as of 14:52, 22 February 2022

Pre-processing technologies are utilised in the pre-treatment of biowaste to obtain chemicals and/or materials which will then go into the conversion followed by an optional post-processing after which the final product is obtained. While some technologies are used exclusively for the purpose of pre-processing, others such as the separation processes and technologies can be utilised in both pre- and post-processing.

Chemical processes and technologies

Physical processes and technologies

Separation technologies

Thermochemical processes and technologies

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