Difference between revisions of "Industrial fermentation"
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<onlyinclude>'''Industrial fermentation''' is a | <onlyinclude>'''Industrial fermentation''' is a biotechnological process which uses microorganisms (genetically modified or not), in particular bacteria, yeasts, fungi or algae, to make useful products. The cells are real "cell factories" for the industrial conversion of renewable feedstocks to bulk chemicals, fine chemicals, platform chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients, bio-fuels, bio-plastics ... It is a multidisciplinary technology and includes the integrated application of disciplines such as biochemistry, microbiology, molecular genetics and process technology to develop useful processes and products.</onlyinclude> | ||
== Feedstock == | |||
==Feedstock== | |||
First generation feedstocks, such as: corn, wheat, sugarcane, potato, sugar beet, rice and plant oil. | First generation feedstocks, such as: corn, wheat, sugarcane, potato, sugar beet, rice and plant oil. | ||
Second generation feedstocks, such as: lignocellulosic biomass or woody crops, agricultural residues or waste. | Second generation feedstocks, such as: lignocellulosic biomass or woody crops, agricultural residues or waste. | ||
Third generation feedstocks: gas fermentation | |||
==Process and technologies== | ==Process and technologies== | ||
Industrial fermentations may be carried out batchwise, as fed-batch operations, or as continuous cultures. Batch and fed-batch operations are quite common, continuous fermentations being relatively rare <ref>{{Cite book|author=Y. Chisti|year=2014|book_title=Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology (Second Edition)|publisher=Science Direct}}</ref> Typically, a pure starter culture (or seed), maintained under carefully controlled conditions, is used to inoculate sterile | |||
=== Fermentation mode === | |||
Industrial fermentations may be carried out batchwise, as fed-batch operations, or as continuous cultures. Batch and fed-batch operations are quite common, continuous fermentations being relatively rare <ref>{{Cite book|author=Y. Chisti|year=2014|book_title=Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology (Second Edition)|publisher=Science Direct}}</ref> | |||
=== Scale-up of industrial fermentations === | |||
Typically, a pure starter culture (or seed), maintained under carefully controlled conditions, is used to inoculate sterile petri dishes or liquid medium in the shake flasks. After sufficient growth, the preculture is used to inoculate the seed fermenter. Because industrial fermentations tend to be large (typically 1–250 m<sup>3</sup>), the inoculum is built up through several successively larger stages, to 5–10% of the working volume of the production fermenter. However, scale-up of a fermentation process is not straightforward as an increase in fermenter size affects the various process parameters in different ways. Therefore, ample expertise is required to find a compromise between all process parameters. | |||
=== Types of fermentation<ref>{{Cite web|year=2021|title=5 Main Types of Fermentations|e-pub date=30/08/2021|date accessed=30/08/2021|url=https://www.biologydiscussion.com/organism/metabolism-organism/5-main-types-of-fermentations/50854}}</ref> === | === Types of fermentation<ref>{{Cite web|year=2021|title=5 Main Types of Fermentations|e-pub date=30/08/2021|date accessed=30/08/2021|url=https://www.biologydiscussion.com/organism/metabolism-organism/5-main-types-of-fermentations/50854}}</ref> === | ||
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# Propionic acid fermentation | # Propionic acid fermentation | ||
# Butyric acid — butanol Fermentation | # Butyric acid — butanol Fermentation | ||
# Mixed acid fermentation | # Mixed acid fermentation. | ||
== | |||
==Products== | |||
Several products possible, examples | Several products possible, examples | ||
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* nutraceuticals | * nutraceuticals | ||
* advanced fuels | * advanced fuels | ||
== Technology providers == | |||
=== Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP) === | |||
[http://www.bbeu.org/pilotplant/ Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP)] is a flexible and diversified pilot plant for the development and scale up of new, bio-based and sustainable processes. It is capable of development of new bioprocesses, optimization of existing processes and scale up of a broad variety of bio-based processes up to an industrial level (from 5L to 50m3 scale, depending on the process). It can perform the entire value chain, from the green resources up to the final product. BBEPP intends to close the gap in the innovation chain of the bio-based economy, bridging science and industrial production. It is located in Ghent, Belgium. | |||
The activities of BBEPP can be categorized in: | |||
• Development of bio-based and sustainable processes (TRL 2-4) | |||
• Scale up (TRL 5-6) | |||
• Pilot and demo production to allow market introduction (TRL 7-8) | |||
BBEPP has more than 10 years of experience in optimizing, scaling and transferring your fermentation protocol from the lab to commercial production. We count on an entire team of well-trained and highly motivated fermentation experts both with academic and industrial backgrounds to take your process to the next level! | |||
== References == | == References == | ||
[[Category:Secondary processing]] | [[Category:Secondary processing]] | ||
Revision as of 09:02, 24 September 2021
Industrial fermentation is a biotechnological process which uses microorganisms (genetically modified or not), in particular bacteria, yeasts, fungi or algae, to make useful products. The cells are real "cell factories" for the industrial conversion of renewable feedstocks to bulk chemicals, fine chemicals, platform chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients, bio-fuels, bio-plastics ... It is a multidisciplinary technology and includes the integrated application of disciplines such as biochemistry, microbiology, molecular genetics and process technology to develop useful processes and products.
Feedstock
First generation feedstocks, such as: corn, wheat, sugarcane, potato, sugar beet, rice and plant oil.
Second generation feedstocks, such as: lignocellulosic biomass or woody crops, agricultural residues or waste.
Third generation feedstocks: gas fermentation
Process and technologies
Fermentation mode
Industrial fermentations may be carried out batchwise, as fed-batch operations, or as continuous cultures. Batch and fed-batch operations are quite common, continuous fermentations being relatively rare [1]
Scale-up of industrial fermentations
Typically, a pure starter culture (or seed), maintained under carefully controlled conditions, is used to inoculate sterile petri dishes or liquid medium in the shake flasks. After sufficient growth, the preculture is used to inoculate the seed fermenter. Because industrial fermentations tend to be large (typically 1–250 m3), the inoculum is built up through several successively larger stages, to 5–10% of the working volume of the production fermenter. However, scale-up of a fermentation process is not straightforward as an increase in fermenter size affects the various process parameters in different ways. Therefore, ample expertise is required to find a compromise between all process parameters.
Types of fermentation[2]
- Alcoholic fermentation
- Lactic acid fermentation
- Propionic acid fermentation
- Butyric acid — butanol Fermentation
- Mixed acid fermentation.
Products
Several products possible, examples
- Speciality carbohydrates,
- Industrial enzymes
- surfactants
- organic acids
- solvents
- flavours and fragrances
- biostimulants
- polymers
- protein concentrates
- nutraceuticals
- advanced fuels
Technology providers
Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP)
Bio Base Europe Pilot Plant (BBEPP) is a flexible and diversified pilot plant for the development and scale up of new, bio-based and sustainable processes. It is capable of development of new bioprocesses, optimization of existing processes and scale up of a broad variety of bio-based processes up to an industrial level (from 5L to 50m3 scale, depending on the process). It can perform the entire value chain, from the green resources up to the final product. BBEPP intends to close the gap in the innovation chain of the bio-based economy, bridging science and industrial production. It is located in Ghent, Belgium.
The activities of BBEPP can be categorized in:
• Development of bio-based and sustainable processes (TRL 2-4)
• Scale up (TRL 5-6)
• Pilot and demo production to allow market introduction (TRL 7-8)
BBEPP has more than 10 years of experience in optimizing, scaling and transferring your fermentation protocol from the lab to commercial production. We count on an entire team of well-trained and highly motivated fermentation experts both with academic and industrial backgrounds to take your process to the next level!
References
- ↑ Y. Chisti, 2014: Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology (Second Edition). Science Direct, {{{place}}}.
- ↑ , 2021: 5 Main Types of Fermentations 30/08/2021, Last access 30/08/2021. https://www.biologydiscussion.com/organism/metabolism-organism/5-main-types-of-fermentations/50854