Conversion

Conversion (not to be confused with chemical conversion) covers either the direct (without pre-processing) or indirect (with pre-processing) valorisation of biowaste into a final product followed by an optional post-processing. The decision support tool aids the search for suitable technologies capable to convert food waste as well as garden and park waste into chemicals, energy and fuels, food ingredients, and materials

Biochemical processes and technologies

• Anaerobic digestion

• Composting
• Enzymatic processes
• Gas fermentation
• Industrial fermentation
• Insect farming
• Solid state fermentation

Chemical processes and technologies

• Heterogeneous catalysis
• Polymerisation

Material processes and technologies

• Biocomposite processing

Thermochemical processes and technologies

• Gasification
• Hydrothermal processing
• Pyrolysis
• Torrefaction

Other processes and technologies

• Pulping and fractionation
  • Chemical pulping
    • Organosolv
    • Soda
    • Sulphate
    • Sulphite
  • Hybrid pulping
    • Chemithermomechanical pulping (CTMP)
    • Neutral Sulfite Semi Chemical pulping (NSSC)
  • Mechanical pulping
    • Groundwood
    • Refiner
      • Refiner mechanical pulping (RMP)
      • Thermomechanical pulping (TMP)