257
edits
Difference between revisions of "Solid state fermentation"
Solid state fermentation (view source)
Revision as of 13:30, 17 January 2022
, 13:30, 17 January 2022→Process and technologies
Bas Davidis (talk | contribs) |
Bas Davidis (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
=== Solid state bioreactors === | === Solid state bioreactors === | ||
[[File:Tray bioreactor SSF.png|thumb|Scheme of tray bioreactor. Sourced from: Colin Webb, Musaalbakri Abdul Manan. Design aspects of solid state fermentation as applied to microbial bioprocessing. App Biotech & Bioengineering, 2017.]] | |||
In SSF, the bioreactor provides suitable environment for microorganism growth and biological activity. Bioreactors must be able to hold the media and be sealed well which prevents harmful environment substances entering in to the bioreactor. Important parameters in bioreactor design include temperature, oxygen concentration, moisture gradients as well as mixing/agitation, aeration and heat transfer. SSF bioreactor design can be classified into four groups, which can be separated by aeration and mixing type: | In SSF, the bioreactor provides suitable environment for microorganism growth and biological activity. Bioreactors must be able to hold the media and be sealed well which prevents harmful environment substances entering in to the bioreactor. Important parameters in bioreactor design include temperature, oxygen concentration, moisture gradients as well as mixing/agitation, aeration and heat transfer. SSF bioreactor design can be classified into four groups, which can be separated by aeration and mixing type: | ||
| Line 39: | Line 40: | ||
==== Group 1: Tray bioreactors ==== | ==== Group 1: Tray bioreactors ==== | ||
[[File: | [[File:Packed bed SSF.png|thumb|Scheme of a packed-bed bioreactor. Sourced from: Colin Webb, Musaalbakri Abdul Manan. Design aspects of solid state fermentation as applied to microbial bioprocessing. App Biotech & Bioengineering, 2017.]] | ||
"Tray bioreactors consist of a chamber containing individual trays that can be made of different materials, such as wood, bamboo, metal, and plastic. The trays typically have open tops and perforated bottoms, and are stacked one above another with a space in between to increase the availability of air. The trays are static beds that are mixed infrequently or not at all. Air is provided into the chamber and circulated around the trays with controlled humidity and temperature."<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|author=X. Ge, J. Vasco-Correa, Y. Li|year=2017|section_title=Solid-State Fermentation Bioreactors and Fundamentals|editor=Christian Larroche | "Tray bioreactors consist of a chamber containing individual trays that can be made of different materials, such as wood, bamboo, metal, and plastic. The trays typically have open tops and perforated bottoms, and are stacked one above another with a space in between to increase the availability of air. The trays are static beds that are mixed infrequently or not at all. Air is provided into the chamber and circulated around the trays with controlled humidity and temperature."<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|author=X. Ge, J. Vasco-Correa, Y. Li|year=2017|section_title=Solid-State Fermentation Bioreactors and Fundamentals|editor=Christian Larroche | ||
Maria Ángeles Sanromán | Maria Ángeles Sanromán | ||
| Line 47: | Line 48: | ||
==== Group 2: Packed-Bed Bioreactors ==== | ==== Group 2: Packed-Bed Bioreactors ==== | ||
"Packed-bed bioreactors are typically tubular containers that are packed with particles of substrates and microorganisms and have a perforated bottom to support the packing materials. In a packed-bed bioreactor, packing materials are generally not mixed and forced aeration is provided. The specific design of packed-bed bioreactors varies in the following aspects: | "Packed-bed bioreactors are typically tubular containers that are packed with particles of substrates and microorganisms and have a perforated bottom to support the packing materials. In a packed-bed bioreactor, packing materials are generally not mixed and forced aeration is provided. The specific design of packed-bed bioreactors varies in the following aspects: | ||
[[File:Rotating drum SSF.png|thumb|Scheme of a rotating drum bioreactor. Sourced from: Colin Webb, Musaalbakri Abdul Manan. Design aspects of solid state fermentation as applied to microbial bioprocessing. App Biotech & Bioengineering, 2017.]] | |||
1. The cross-section of the bioreactor may have different shapes. | 1. The cross-section of the bioreactor may have different shapes. | ||
2. The bioreactor can be vertical, horizontal, or at an angle. | 2. The bioreactor can be vertical, horizontal, or at an angle. | ||
3. Aeration may be provided from either the top or the bottom. Additional aeration can be supplied by inserting a perforated tube inside the bioreactor."<ref name=":2" /> | 3. Aeration may be provided from either the top or the bottom. Additional aeration can be supplied by inserting a perforated tube inside the bioreactor."<ref name=":2" /> | ||
==== Group 3: Rotating drum bioreactors ==== | ==== Group 3: Rotating drum bioreactors ==== | ||
A rotating drum bioreactor is a horizontal cylinder. The drum is semi-filled with a bed of substrate. The fermented bed cannot be too high and this creates good oxygen and carbon dioxide transfer. Temperature control also depends on the mixing effect on the solid substrate. | A rotating drum bioreactor is a horizontal cylinder. The drum is semi-filled with a bed of substrate. The fermented bed cannot be too high and this creates good oxygen and carbon dioxide transfer. Temperature control also depends on the mixing effect on the solid substrate. | ||
[[File:Fluidized bed SSF.png|thumb|Scheme of a gas-solid fluidized-bed bioreactor. Sourced from: Colin Webb, Musaalbakri Abdul Manan. Design aspects of solid state fermentation as applied to microbial bioprocessing. App Biotech & Bioengineering, 2017.]] | |||
==== Group 4: Fluidized-bed bioreactors ==== | ==== Group 4: Fluidized-bed bioreactors ==== | ||