Primary processing
Revision as of 14:18, 13 July 2021 by Lars Krause (talk | contribs)
A pre-treatment is used to prepare raw materials so that they can be processed by core technologies.
Biochemical pre-treatments
- Enzymatic
 
Chemical pre-treatments
- Hydrolysis
 
Physical pre-treatments
- Densification
 - Pressure-densification
 - Sizing
 - Chipping
 - Grinding
 - Steam explosion
 
Separation pre-treatments
- Physicomechanical separations
- Centrifugation
 - Filtration
- Membrane Filtration
 - Pressure filtration
 - Ultrafiltration
 
 - Sieving
 
 - Physicochemical separations
- Chromatography
 - Dialysis
 - Dissolution, Crystallisation, flocculation, precipitation
 - Distillation
 - Drying (evaporation)
- Air drying
 - Nitrogen drying
 - Freeze drying
 - Thermal drying
 - Vacuum drying
 
 - Extraction
- Acid treatment
 - Alkali treatment
 
 - Field-Flow fractionation (FFF)
 
 
Thermochemical pre-treatments
- Ammonia fibre expansion
 - Dry torrefaction
 - Wet torrefaction