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Difference between revisions of "Ultrasonication"
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| Product = Biomass (dispersed, disrupted, emulsified, extracted, homogenised) | | Product = Biomass (dispersed, disrupted, emulsified, extracted, homogenised) | ||
|Name=Ultrasonication}} | |Name=Ultrasonication}} | ||
<onlyinclude>'''Ultrasonication''' is a physical treatment to disperse, disrupt, emulsify, extract, and/or homogenise biomass beside others via the application of ultrasonic frequencies (>20 kHz).</onlyinclude> | <onlyinclude>'''Ultrasonication''' is a physical treatment to disperse, disrupt, emulsify, extract, and/or homogenise biomass beside others via the application of ultrasonic frequencies (>20 kHz). The ultrasound-assisted approach is considered to be a novel and environmentally friendly green technique, giving a significant degree of intensification.<!-- Article source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/300957039_Use_of_Ultrasound_for_Pretreatment_of_Biomass_and_Subsequent_Hydrolysis_and_Fermentation --> | ||
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==Feedstock== | ==Feedstock== | ||
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== Process and technologies == | == Process and technologies == | ||
During the ultrasonication treatment ultrasound is transmitted through any physical medium by waves that compress and stretch the molecular spacing of the medium through which it passes<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Hugo Miguel Santos, Carlos Lodeiro, and José-Luis Capelo-Martínez|year=2008|section_title=The Power of Ultrasound|editor=José-Luis Capelo-Martínez|book_title=Ultrasound in Chemistry: Analytical Applications|publisher=Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA|ISBN=9783527319343|place=Weinheim, Germany}}</ref>. The distance between the molecules will vary as they oscillate about their mean position<ref name=":0" />. When the negative pressure is large enough, the distance between the molecules of the liquid exceeds the minimum molecular distance required to hold the liquid intact, and then the liquid breaks down and voids (cavitation bubbles) are created<ref name=":0" />. | During the ultrasonication treatment ultrasound is transmitted through any physical medium by waves that compress and stretch the molecular spacing of the medium through which it passes<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|author=Hugo Miguel Santos, Carlos Lodeiro, and José-Luis Capelo-Martínez|year=2008|section_title=The Power of Ultrasound|editor=José-Luis Capelo-Martínez|book_title=Ultrasound in Chemistry: Analytical Applications|publisher=Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA|ISBN=9783527319343|place=Weinheim, Germany}}</ref>. The distance between the molecules will vary as they oscillate about their mean position<ref name=":0" />. When the negative pressure is large enough, the distance between the molecules of the liquid exceeds the minimum molecular distance required to hold the liquid intact, and then the liquid breaks down and voids (cavitation bubbles) are created<ref name=":0" />. <!-- Maybe it is easier to understand when you add figures to the text. | ||
Some interesting links: | |||
https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/ultrasonication | |||
https://thebumblingbiochemist.com/365-days-of-science/ultrasonication/ | |||
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-87642-9 --> | |||
== Product == | == Product == | ||