Difference between revisions of "Heterogeneous catalysis"

<onlyinclude>Heterogeneous catalysis is a catalysis in which the catalyst and the feedstock are different phases. In practice, this often means that the feedstock is a liquid or gas and the catalyst is a solid, also known as ''solid catalysis.'' Heterogeneous catalysis is the most widely used form of catalysis in the current chemical industry.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The critical role of heterogeneous catalysis in lignocellulosic biomass conversion|year=2009|author=Yu-Chuan Lin, George W. Huber|journal=Energy Environ. Sci.|volume=2|issue=1|page=68–80|doi=10.1039/B814955K}}</ref> There is a wide variety of catalytic systems and many reactions can be catalysed with a solid catalyst. Examples are [[pyrolysis]], hydro-processing, [[oxidation]], amination, dehydration, [[hydrolysis]], (trans)esterification, and isomerisation.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|title=Functionalised heterogeneous catalysts for sustainable biomass valorisation|year=2018|author=Putla Sudarsanam, Ruyi Zhong, Sander Van den Bosch, Simona M. Coman, Vasile I. Parvulescu, Bert F. Sels|journal=Chemical Society Reviews|volume=47|issue=22|page=8349–8402|doi=10.1039/C8CS00410B}}</ref> Common heterogeneous catalysts are heterogeneous solid base catalysts and heterogeneous solid acid catalysts.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title=A review of sustainable biodiesel production using biomass derived heterogeneous catalysts|year=2021-10-22|author=Semakula Maroa, Freddie Inambao|journal=Engineering in Life Sciences|page=elsc.202100025|doi=10.1002/elsc.202100025}}</ref></onlyinclude>

<onlyinclude>Heterogeneous catalysis is a catalysis in which the catalyst and the feedstock are different phases. In practice, this often means that the feedstock is a liquid or gas and the catalyst is a solid, also known as ''solid catalysis.'' Heterogeneous catalysis is the most widely used form of catalysis in the current chemical industry.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=The critical role of heterogeneous catalysis in lignocellulosic biomass conversion|year=2009|author=Yu-Chuan Lin, George W. Huber|journal=Energy Environ. Sci.|volume=2|issue=1|page=68–80|doi=10.1039/B814955K}}</ref> There is a wide variety of catalytic systems and many reactions can be catalysed with a solid catalyst. Examples are [[pyrolysis]], hydro-processing, [[oxidation]], amination, dehydration, [[hydrolysis]], (trans)esterification, and isomerisation.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|title=Functionalised heterogeneous catalysts for sustainable biomass valorisation|year=2018|author=Putla Sudarsanam, Ruyi Zhong, Sander Van den Bosch, Simona M. Coman, Vasile I. Parvulescu, Bert F. Sels|journal=Chemical Society Reviews|volume=47|issue=22|page=8349–8402|doi=10.1039/C8CS00410B}}</ref> Common heterogeneous catalysts are heterogeneous solid base catalysts and heterogeneous solid acid catalysts.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title=A review of sustainable biodiesel production using biomass derived heterogeneous catalysts|year=2021-10-22|author=Semakula Maroa, Freddie Inambao|journal=Engineering in Life Sciences|page=elsc.202100025|doi=10.1002/elsc.202100025}}</ref></onlyinclude>