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Difference between revisions of "Biowaste"
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[[File:Trashed vegetables in Luxembourg.jpeg|thumb|Fruit and vegetables in a dumpster, discarded uneaten]] | [[File:Trashed vegetables in Luxembourg.jpeg|thumb|Fruit and vegetables in a dumpster, discarded uneaten]] | ||
'''Biowaste, bio-waste''' or '''biodegradable waste''' is a type of [[feedstock]] defined as waste from organic origin. It includes any organic matter in waste which can be broken down into carbon dioxide, water, methane or simple organic molecules ([[biodegradability]]) by micro-organisms and other living things by [[composting]], [[aerobic digestion]], ''anaerobic digestion'' or similar processes. It also includes some inorganic materials which can be decomposed by bacteria. | |||
Tech4Biowaste follows the following definition:<br /> | |||
<onlyinclude>Bio-waste is defined as biodegradable garden and park waste, food and kitchen waste from households, restaurants, caterers and retail premises, and comparable waste from food processing plants. It does not include forestry or agricultural residues, manure, sewage sludge, or other biodegradable waste such as natural textiles, paper or processed wood. It also excludes those by-products of food production that never become waste.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Biodegradable waste|url=https://ec.europa.eu/environment/topics/waste-and-recycling/biodegradable-waste_en|Author=European Commission|year=|e-pub date=|date accessed=}}</ref></onlyinclude> | |||
==Types of biowaste== | ==Types of biowaste== | ||
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In the EWC-Stat Waste Categories biowaste is included in item 31 ("Animal and mixed food waste"), item 32 ("Vegetal wastes") and partly item 34 ("Household and similar wastes").<ref>{{Cite book|author=EUROSTAT|year=2010|section_title=|editor=|book_title=[https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/342366/351806/Guidance-on-EWCStat-categories-2010.pdf/0e7cd3fc-c05c-47a7-818f-1c2421e55604 Guidance on classification of waste according to EWC-Stat categories; Supplement to the Manual for the Implementation of the Regulation (EC) No 2150/2002 on Waste Statistics.]|publisher=Commission of the European Communities|place=Brussels}}</ref> | In the EWC-Stat Waste Categories biowaste is included in item 31 ("Animal and mixed food waste"), item 32 ("Vegetal wastes") and partly item 34 ("Household and similar wastes").<ref>{{Cite book|author=EUROSTAT|year=2010|section_title=|editor=|book_title=[https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/342366/351806/Guidance-on-EWCStat-categories-2010.pdf/0e7cd3fc-c05c-47a7-818f-1c2421e55604 Guidance on classification of waste according to EWC-Stat categories; Supplement to the Manual for the Implementation of the Regulation (EC) No 2150/2002 on Waste Statistics.]|publisher=Commission of the European Communities|place=Brussels}}</ref> | ||
== Additional information == | ==Additional information== | ||
Currently the main environmental threat from biowaste (and other biodegradable waste) is the production of [[methane]] from such waste decomposing in landfills, which accounted for some 3% of total greenhouse gas emissions in the EU-15 in 1995. The [[Landfill Directive|Landfill Directive (1999/31/EC)]]<ref>{{Cite book|author=Council of the European Union|year=1999|section_title=|editor=|book_title=[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999L0031 Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste.]|publisher=Council of the European Union|place=Brussel}}</ref> obliges Member States to reduce the amount of biodegradable municipal waste that they landfill to 35% of 1995 levels by 2016 (for some countries by 2020) which will significantly reduce this problem.<ref name=":0" /> | Currently the main environmental threat from biowaste (and other biodegradable waste) is the production of [[methane]] from such waste decomposing in landfills, which accounted for some 3% of total greenhouse gas emissions in the EU-15 in 1995. The [[Landfill Directive|Landfill Directive (1999/31/EC)]]<ref>{{Cite book|author=Council of the European Union|year=1999|section_title=|editor=|book_title=[https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:31999L0031 Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 on the landfill of waste.]|publisher=Council of the European Union|place=Brussel}}</ref> obliges Member States to reduce the amount of biodegradable municipal waste that they landfill to 35% of 1995 levels by 2016 (for some countries by 2020) which will significantly reduce this problem.<ref name=":0" /> | ||