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Difference between revisions of "Oxidation"
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''This article is about oxidative pretreatment. For oxidation as a chemical conversion, see XX).'' | |||
The pretreatment of lignocellulosic material with the use of a strong oxidiser. The oxidiser breaks the ester and ether bonds between lignin and carbohydrates. The reaction can also be performed in water, as wet oxidation. Here, hydroxide radicals are formed which will break down the lignin and carbohydrates.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title=A comprehensive review on pre-treatment strategy for lignocellulosic food industry waste: Challenges and opportunities|year=2016-01|author=Rajeev Ravindran, Amit Kumar Jaiswal|journal=Bioresource Technology|volume=199|page=92–102|doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2015.07.106}}</ref> | |||
==Feedstock== | ==Feedstock== | ||
Lignocellulosic biomass, such as woody biomass, <ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|title=Biomass pretreatment: Fundamentals toward application|year=2011-11|author=Valery B. Agbor, Nazim Cicek, Richard Sparling, Alex Berlin, David B. Levin|journal=Biotechnology Advances|volume=29|issue=6|page=675–685|doi=10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.05.005}}</ref> corn bobs, clover, or rye grass.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
==Process and technologies== | ==Process and technologies== | ||
The process uses an oxidative agent, such as potassium permanganate or oxygen. In the case of permanganate, the process benefits from higher temperatures for around 6 hours. In the case of oxygen, wet oxidation is often employed, where an oxygen pressure is applied to wet conditions.<ref name=":0" /> The process can be combined with [[Hydrolysis#Alkali|alkali hydrolysis]], for example using a lime pretreatment with calcium hydroxide.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
==Product== | ==Product== | ||
The oxidation pretreatment results in breaking down the lignin and makes the cellulose and hemicellulose available for further processing. Traces of soluble aromatics, which can hinder further processes, can be formed as a side product.<ref name=":1" /> | |||
==Technology providers== | ==Technology providers== | ||
[space for technology comparison] | [space for technology comparison] | ||