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Difference between revisions of "Hydrolysis"
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=== Acid === | === Acid === | ||
'''Acid hydrolysis''' is a hydrolysis process in which a protic acid is used to catalyze the hydrolysis reaction. | '''Acid hydrolysis''' is a hydrolysis process in which a protic acid is used to catalyze the hydrolysis reaction. A '''Dilute acid pretreatment''' only hydrolyses the hemi-cellulose, which makes the cellulose more susceptible for enzymatic conversions. The biowaste is immersed in a diluted form of strong acids, such as sulphuric acid, at elevated temperatures.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title=A comprehensive review on pre-treatment strategy for lignocellulosic food industry waste: Challenges and opportunities|year=2016-01-01|journal=Bioresource Technology|volume=199|page=92–102|doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2015.07.106|author=Amit K. Jaiswal, Rajeev Ravindran}}</ref> | ||
=== Alkali === | === Alkali === | ||
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=== Salt === | === Salt === | ||
Hydrolysis can be further improved by the addition of salts. | |||
==== | ==== Metals salts ==== | ||
Acid hydrolysis can be stimulated by the addition of '''metal chlorides'''. Metals such as aluminium, calcium, copper, iron, and zinc can be used to increase the sugar yield.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
==== Sulphite salt ==== | ==== Sulphite salt ==== | ||
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=== Solvent === | === Solvent === | ||
Solvents can be added to improve the hydrolysis process. | |||
==== Organosolv ==== | ==== Organosolv ==== | ||
In an '''organosolv hydrolysis''' organic solvents are added to the process. For example, in '''acid-acetone''' pre-treatment biowaste is treated with an acid such as phophoric acid and then mixed with pre-cooled acetone to allow for a cold shock.<ref name=":0" /> | |||
== Product == | == Product == | ||