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Difference between revisions of "Enzymatic processes"
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The following pre-treatments may be considered prior to enzymatic pre-treatment: | The following pre-treatments may be considered prior to enzymatic pre-treatment: | ||
* Sizing (e.g., milling, grinding) | * [[Sizing]] (e.g., milling, grinding) | ||
* Steam explosion (hybrid pre-treatment; e.g., combined with laccase pretreatment)<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Weihua Qiu, Hongzhang Chen|year=2012|title=Enhanced the ezymatic hydrolysis efficiency of wheat straw after combined steam explosion and laccase pretreatment|journal=Bioresource Technology|volume=118|page=8-12|doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2012.05.033}}</ref> | * [[Steam explosion]] (hybrid pre-treatment; e.g., combined with laccase pretreatment)<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Weihua Qiu, Hongzhang Chen|year=2012|title=Enhanced the ezymatic hydrolysis efficiency of wheat straw after combined steam explosion and laccase pretreatment|journal=Bioresource Technology|volume=118|page=8-12|doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2012.05.033}}</ref> | ||
The following pre-treatments may be considered prior to enzymatic hydrolysis: | The following pre-treatments may be considered prior to enzymatic hydrolysis<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Rajeev Ravindran, Amit Kumar Jaiswal|year=2016|title=A comprehensive review on pre-treatment strategy for lignocellulosic food industry waste: Challenges and opportunities|journal=Bioresource Technology|volume=199|page=92-102|doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2015.07.106}}</ref><sup>,</sup><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Bikash Kumar, Nisha Bhardwaj, Komal Agrawal, Venkatesh Chaturvedi, Pradeep Verma|year=2019|title=Current perspective on pretreatment technologies using lignocellulosic biomass: An emerging biorefinery concept|journal=Fuel Processing Technology|volume=199|page=|doi=10.1016/j.fuproc.2019.106244}}</ref>: | ||
* Physical (e.g., milling, grinding, ultrasonication, extrusion) | * Physical (e.g., milling, grinding, [[ultrasonication]], extrusion) | ||
* Chemical (e.g., acid, alkali, ionic liquid, organosolv) | * Chemical (e.g., acid, alkali, ionic liquid, organosolv) | ||
* Physico-chemical (e.g., steam explosion, hot water, AFEX, wet oxidation) | * Physico-chemical (e.g., [[steam explosion]], hot water, [[Ammonia fibre expansion|AFEX]], wet oxidation) | ||
* Biological (e.g., microbial and enzymatic) | * Biological (e.g., microbial and enzymatic) | ||