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Difference between revisions of "Hydrolysis"
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In an '''organosolv hydrolysis''' organic solvents are added to the process, usually performed at high temperatures (100-250 °C). This can be combined with a catalyst such as HCl or H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>.<ref name=":2" /> For example, in '''acid-acetone''' pre-treatment biowaste is treated with an acid such as phophoric acid and then mixed with pre-cooled acetone.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title=A comprehensive review on pre-treatment strategy for lignocellulosic food industry waste: Challenges and opportunities|year=2016-01-01|journal=Bioresource Technology|volume=199|page=92–102|doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2015.07.106|author=Amit K. Jaiswal, Rajeev Ravindran}}</ref> | In an '''organosolv hydrolysis''' organic solvents are added to the process, usually performed at high temperatures (100-250 °C). This can be combined with a catalyst such as HCl or H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>.<ref name=":2" /> For example, in '''acid-acetone''' pre-treatment biowaste is treated with an acid such as phophoric acid and then mixed with pre-cooled acetone.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|title=A comprehensive review on pre-treatment strategy for lignocellulosic food industry waste: Challenges and opportunities|year=2016-01-01|journal=Bioresource Technology|volume=199|page=92–102|doi=10.1016/j.biortech.2015.07.106|author=Amit K. Jaiswal, Rajeev Ravindran}}</ref> | ||
==== Ionic Liquids ==== | ==== Ionic Liquids<!-- It should be mentioned here that the IL dissolves cellulose and generally does not degrade the chains and reduce its degree of polymerization. Also, research studies have proven that the structure of lignin and hemicellulose are unaltered after treatment with many ILs. -->==== | ||
Ionic liquids are '''solvents''' that can be used for biomass pretreatment, fractionation, and dissolution. During ionic liquid pretreatment, a cellulose-rich fraction can be generated through the degradation and removal of a large portion of lignin and hemicellulose <ref>{{Cite web|Author=Moyer, P., Kim, K., Abdoulmoumine, N. et al.|year=2018|title=Structural changes in lignocellulosic biomass during activation with ionic liquids comprising 3-methylimidazolium cations and carboxylate anions|e-pub date=27/09/2018|date accessed=06/12/2021|url=https://biotechnologyforbiofuels.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13068-018-1263-0}}</ref> | Ionic liquids are '''solvents''' that can be used for biomass pretreatment, fractionation, and dissolution. During ionic liquid pretreatment, a cellulose-rich fraction can be generated through the degradation and removal of a large portion of lignin and hemicellulose <ref>{{Cite web|Author=Moyer, P., Kim, K., Abdoulmoumine, N. et al.|year=2018|title=Structural changes in lignocellulosic biomass during activation with ionic liquids comprising 3-methylimidazolium cations and carboxylate anions|e-pub date=27/09/2018|date accessed=06/12/2021|url=https://biotechnologyforbiofuels.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13068-018-1263-0}}</ref> | ||